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Subject: gold standard

The gold standard is a monetary system in which the standard economic unit of account is a fixed weight of gold. Three distinct kinds of gold standards can be identified. The gold specie standard is the system in which the monetary unit is associated with a circulating gold coin. The gold exchange standard may involve only the circulation of silver coins, or coins made of other metals, but the authorities will have guaranteed a fixed exchange rate with another country that is on the gold standard, hence creating a de facto gold standard in that the value of the silver coins has a fixed external value in terms of gold that is independent of the inherent silver value. The gold bullion standard is a system in which gold coins do not actually circulate as such, but in which the authorities have agreed to sell gold bullion on demand at a fixed price. (Wikipedia Jan 2010)

World economy

Signs of US losing its groove?

The end of the American Century?

Thirty years ago, about the time the world went off the gold standard, US income from abroad was more than double the amount of income that the US paid to the rest of the world.

This surplus of investment income from abroad has been gradually diminishing. This year, or the next, this foreign income surplus may disappear forever. Does this mean that the US is ‘losing its groove’?

World Economy

What is ‘international liquidity’?

Hotel Mount Washington, Bretton Woods, 1944

It used to be that the term ‘international liquidity’ meant the relative amount of resources available to a nation’s monetary authorities that could be used to settle a balance of payments deficit. In the days of the gold standard, this would mean access to gold that could be used to redeem a nation’s currency held by foreigners.

After Bretton Woods and the advent of the dollar-gold exchange standard, liquidity came to mean access to dollars, either held as reserves or as credit lines, or the SDR system maintained by the International Monetary Fund.

US Trade Deficit

Interest rates have been falling for decades

As the trade deficit has increased, US bond interest rates have fallen.

Since the 1980s, the US. trade deficit has been a constant force in the American economy, rising more some years than others, while corporate bond yields have been generally falling.

Because rising trade deficits lead to increased demand for fixed income securities, and because issuers have not fully met this demand, the price of bonds has risen for twenty years, while bond yields have fallen.

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World Economy

Working off the US trade deficit

Foreigners hold $16.8 trillion in US financial assets as a result of selling more goods to Americans than they buy from them. Since the 'deficit' is in dollars, the US has no problem in 'paying it off'. More ...

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2010-10-29 16:02